A significant outcome in the reduction of surface roughness in pipes can help in the reduction of drag force. This resistance to flow is caused mainly by inherent internal surface roughness owing to pipe friction, scaling, and/or corrosion products. Current piping design is more concerned with the ability of pipes to transport fluids at a substantially reduced drag. At present, pipe strength optimization is not the only most cost-effective design concern. The introduction of a probabilistic evaluation of oil country tubular goods (OCTG) in the early 1990s has provided a more focused approach to pipe strength design. Attention to pipe performance in the recent past relied on conventional design values such as pipe strength parameters. Companies are looking into optimization technologies that will efficiently produce, transport, and refine products. Implementations of flow optimization in the petrochemical industry are taking on an important challenge as we move into new petrochemical technological frontiers and re-invigorated operations.
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